Umuyoboro wambaye CRA

Umuyoboro wambaye ibisobanuro:karubone - umuyoboro wibyuma ufite ruswa yoroheje - irwanya amavuta (CRA) irwanya metallurgurgie ihujwe hejuru yimbere (yambaye), cyangwa umuyoboro wa CRA wihariye washyizwe imbere muri karubone - umuyoboro wibyuma (umurongo). Ikigamijwe ni ugukomeza kurwanya ruswa ya CRA aho amazi akora, mugihe agumana imbaraga nigiciro cyimiterere ya karubone - itwara ibyuma.

Mu mavuta, gaze, hamwe nogutwara imiti, ruswa ntabwo ari ikibazo cyo kubungabunga - isobanura ubuzima bwa sisitemu yose. Imiyoboro gakondo ya karubone, nubwo ifite imbaraga, igabanuka vuba munsi ya gaz - gaze cyangwa amazi yinyanja. Ku rundi ruhande, gukoresha imiyoboro ikomeye - irwanya imiyoboro (CRA) irwanya tekinike ariko ni byiza mu bukungu.

Kugira ngo iki cyuho gikemuke, injeniyeri yateje imbereCRA Yambaye Umuyoboro, igisubizo cyambere metallurgical igisubizo gihuzaimbaraga, kurwanya ruswa, nigiciro - gukora nezamu bicuruzwa bimwe byakozwe.

Amahitamo Yambaye Ibikoresho Byibanze (Base + CRA Layeri)

Muri rusange, umuyoboro wa CRA wuzuye ni aumuyoboro wa bimetallic, guhuza ibyuma bibiri bitanga inshingano zitandukanye ariko zuzuzanya:

Inzira Yubaka (Igikonoshwa cyo hanze):Hejuru - urwego rwa karubone cyangwa hasi - ibyuma bivanze (urugero, API 5L X60 / X65, ASTM A106, A333) bitanga umutwaro wububiko - ubushobozi bwo gutwara.

Inzitizi ya Ruswa (Imbere Imbere):Nickel - ishingiye cyangwa idafite ingese nka 316L, Inconel 625, Alloy 825, cyangwa Duplex 2205 ikora umurongo uhamye wo gukingira CO₂, H₂S, na chloride -.

Uku guhuza ibyuma bigera kubyo nticyuma cyonyine cyonyine: umuyoboro uhanganira umuvuduko ukabije, ubushyuhe, nigitero cyangirika mumyaka mirongo, ndetse no mumazi cyangwa mumirima ya -.

Bitandukanye n'ibyuma bisanzwe bya karubone, imiyoboro y'inyana ya CRA isaba guhuza neza hagati ya alloy layer na substrate y'ibyuma. Uburyo bwakoreshejwe bushingiye kubikorwa bisabwa n'uburemere bwa serivisi:

Buri nzira ikurikirwa nakuvura ubushyuhe, gupima ultrasonic, no kugenzura interinetikugenzura metallurgical stabilite hamwe na CRA ihamye.

Guhuza umurima hamwe ninyandiko zo guhimba

Gusudira imiyoboroni cyane cyane kurinda CRA layer kuri weld zone - kubera ko kuyungurura, kwinjiza ubushyuhe, hamwe no gusudira - gutegura kurangiza guhitamo niba kurwanya ruswa byabitswe nyuma yo guhuza - muri. Abaguzi mubisanzwe bavuga ubwoko buhuriweho (girth weld / tie - muri spol), gusudira - ibisabwa byo kwitegura, hamwe nubugenzuzi kugirango ibihimbano byo hanze bidahagarara kugirango bongere gukora.

RFQs zimwe zandika ibi nkgusudira imiyoboro; igenzura rifatika ni rimwe: gucunga CRA yerekanwe kuri weld, koresha ibikoreshwa bihuye, kandi wemeze imiterere yanyuma ya CRA kumwanya weld.

• Weld - imyiteguro yo kurangiza:Sobanura ubuvuzi bwa bevel + CRA kugirango karuvati - in idaca inyuma CRA bitateganijwe.
• Gushyushya ibyinjira & kugenzura:Komeza chimie ya CRA mumaso yasudutse kugirango wirinde "kugaragara neza, korora nyuma" gusudira.
• Intego yibanze:Saba urugero rwa NDT / PMI ahantu hasudutse niba gahunda yo kwakira umushinga iguhamagarira.

Ku muyoboro wa CRA, "wambaye" na "umurongo" ntabwo ari amagambo yo kugurana. Guhitamo neza biterwa nibishobora kugenda nabi muguhimba no guhuza - ins (CRA yerekanwe kumutwe weld, kugendagenda kumurongo, ubunyangamugayo), nicyo umushinga ukeneye kwerekana mukwakira. Umuyoboro wa Octal mubusanzwe ukoresha urutonde rukurikira kugirango RFQs igereranwe kandi wirinde gutinda - icyiciro gifata kuri spolbase.

Amavuta ya CRA yatoranijwe akurikije uburyo bwo kubora hamwe na chimie yatunganijwe. Iboneza bisanzwe birimo:

Ihuriro ryemeza koubunyangamugayo no kurinda ruswabigerwaho icyarimwe - nta mutwaro wigiciro cyo kubaka CRA yuzuye.

A Umuyoboro wa CRAigisubizo gikunze kugaragara mugihe ibyuma bya karubone byonyine bidashobora kwihanganira amazi yakozwe mubuzima bwashushanyije, ariko umuyoboro wuzuye wa CRA ntabwo wubukungu. Imbarutso zisanzwe zirimo ingaruka za CO₂ zishobora kwangirika, impungenge za serivisi zisharira, gufata amazi menshi - gufata amazi ya chloride, hamwe n’imigezi yo hanze aho usanga ubushobozi bwo gusana ari buke. Muri ibi bihe, intego ifatika yo gutanga amasoko ntabwo "CRA ahantu hose," ahubwo ni CRA igenzurwa hejuru yubushuhe hamwe nibimenyetso byateganijwe gusudira.

Imiyoboro ya CRA yambaye yashyizwe kwisi yose mubidukikije aho ibyago byo kwangirika nibisabwa byubatswe:

• Amazi maremare atemba hamwe ninyanjagutwara ibintu byinshi
• Gutera CO₂ hamwe na sisitemu yo kugarura ibintu
• Amazi yo mumazi yongeyeho ibihingwa
• Ibikoresho byo gutunganya no gutunganya peteroligutunganya itangazamakuru rya acide cyangwa chloride
• Inganda n’ingandamunsi yubushyuhe bwo hejuru hamwe ningaruka zumuvuduko

Hamwe n'ubunyangamugayo bwa CRA bwagenzuwe munsiNACE MR0175 / ISO 15156naAPI 5LD, iyi miyoboro irashobora gukora imyaka 20-30 hamwe no kubungabunga bike.

Kubaguzi ugereranijeabakora imiyoborokandi abishoboyeutanga imiyoboroIbyiza bya Octal Pipe bigaragarira mubisobanuro birambuye mubisanzwe umushinga utera: dufunga inzira yo kubaka clad / liner yo kubaka kuri RFQ, kugenzura weld - kwitegura kurangiza kugirango ingingo zumurima zidashyira ahagaragara cyangwa ngo zangize urwego rwa CRA, kandi dukomeze gukurikiranwa neza kugirango ibikoresho bya CRA hamwe na karubone - bitwara ibyuma bishobora kwiyunga mukwakira. Mubyukuri, ibyo bivuze koherezwa ryatanzwe hamwe nindangamuntu zihuye, bundle isobanutse - ikimenyetso cyurwego, hamwe ninyandiko yashyizweho ihuza umuyoboro fatizo hamwe na CRA kumurongo umwe wo gutanga - kuburyo amatsinda yo guhimba adahatirwa gukora re - mbere yo gusudira.

• Kabiri - kurinda urwego CO against, H₂S, na chloride
• Murebure - imbaraga zubaka hamwe nigabanuka rya CRA
• Bihujwe numuyoboro usanzwe wo gusudira no gushiraho
• Nibyiza kumazi maremare, HPHT, hamwe na - imiyoboro ya serivisi
• Byemejwe kuri API, ASTM, na DNV ibisabwa hanze

Menyesha nonaha

Ibibazo

 

 

Ibibazo 1 - Ni ikihe kizamini cyo kwemererwa nakagombye gusaba kuri API 5LD CRA yambaye cyangwa umuyoboro utondetse?

Nibura, API 5LD isaba ankugenzura hydrostatike ikizamini nyuma yo kwambara / gutondeka no kuvura ubushyuhe, na sisitemu yikizamini igomba kugirainyandiko yerekana igitutu kandi ufate umwanyaburi burebure rero ntibushobora "gutambuka" utujuje ibisabwa.

Ibibazo 2 - umuyoboro wambaye bisobanura iki mumuyoboro wa ACRA RFQ?

Mu gutanga imiyoboro,umuyoboroni karubone - icyuma fatizo cyuma hamwe na aruswa - irwanya ibinyomoro (CRA)ihujwe hejuru yimbere (yambaye), bityo ubuso butose ni CRA mugihe umuyoboro utwara utanga imbaraga. API 5LD ikubiyemo umuyoboro wa CRA wambaye (kandi utondekanye) umuyoboro wibyuma bya peteroli na sisitemu ya gazi isanzwe.

Ibibazo 3 - Nagereranya nte n'abakora imiyoboro yambaye cyangwa utanga imiyoboro yambaye ntataye umurongo wa RFQ?

Saba ibintu bitatu imbere:(1)niba ayo magambo ariyambayecyangwaumurongokuri API 5LD,(2)iibikoresho byumuyoboro(urwego shingiro + CRA urwego + CRA uburebure), na(3)gusudira - kwitegura kurangiza (uko CRA layer / liner impera ifatwa kubitabo - ins). Ibi birinda umutego rusange "igiciro kimwe, ubwubatsi butandukanye" mugihe ugereranije nabakora imiyoboro yambaye.

Ibibazo 4 - Niki nakagombye kwerekana kubudodo bwambaye imiyoboro yo gusudira kumurima?

Kurigusudira imiyoboro, urufunguzo ni ugukomeza kurwanya ruswa ya CRA ikomeza kwambukiranya karuvati - muri: gusobanura weld - imyiteguro yo kurangiza, kugenzura imurikagurisha rya CRA muri zone weld, hamwe no kugenzura kwibanda kumirima (bityo guhimba ntibihagarara kubikorwa). Niba RFQ ibivuzegusudira imiyoboro, fata nkintego imwe - ariko komeza amasezeranoumuyoboro.

Impamyabumenyi

 

Icyemezo cya CE

Icyemezo cya ISO 9001

Icyemezo cya API Q1

Icyemezo cya ABS

Icyemezo cya AP-5L

Icyemezo cya API-5CT

 

Ibirangantego: Umuyoboro wuzuye wa CRA, Ubushinwa CRA Clad Umuyoboro ukora, abatanga, uruganda