Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati ya 304 na 316 Ibyuma bitagira umuyonga?
304 na 316 ibyuma bidafite ingese byombi ni amanota ya austenitis, ariko ntibishobora guhinduka mugihe serivisi itangiye kuba byinshi. Itandukaniro ryingenzi rya tekiniki ni uguhimba: bisanzwe 304 ni chromium - nikel ibyuma bitagira umwanda, mugihe 316 yongeramo molybdenum hafi 2-33 kandi mubisanzwe itwara nikel ndende. Iyongerekana rya molybdenum nimpamvu nyamukuru 316 muri rusange itanga uburyo bwiza bwo guhangana no gutobora no kwangirika kwangirika muri chloride - byangiza ibidukikije nkumwuka wo ku nkombe, kwanduza umunyu, gukaraba imiti, hamwe na serivisi zimwe na zimwe zitunganya. Ibinyuranyo, 304 nibisanzwe rusange - icyiciro cyintego kubikoresho byo murugo, inshingano zoroheje zo mu kirere, hamwe nibice byahimbwe aho chloride igaragara.
Itandukaniro riri hagati ya 304 na 316 ibyuma bidafite ingese rero ntabwo ahanini ari ikibazo cyimbaraga cyangwa isura. Muburyo busanzwe bufatika, urwego rwibanze rwubukanishi ruri hafi, kandi byombi bikoreshwa cyane kumpapuro, isahani, umuyoboro, umuyoboro, ibikoresho, tank, nibikoresho byahimbwe. Gutandukana kwukuri ni ruswa. Niba serivisi yumye, isukuye, kandi itari - itera, 304 akenshi irahagije. Niba ubuso buzabona chloride, marine - ihuriweho, cyangwa chimie ikarishye, 316 mubisanzwe itanga ibikoresho byizewe. Ngiyo itandukaniro rifatika hagati ya 304 na 316 ibyuma bidafite ingese mugukoresha injeniyeri.
Ibyiciro bya 304 na 316 Ibyuma bitagira umwanda
304 na 316 ni i300-serie austenitike idafite ibyumaitsinda. Kugereranya rero ntabwo biri hagati yibyiciro bibiri bitandukanye rwose, ariko hagati ya chromium - nikel ibyuma bitagira umuyonga hamwe nuburyo bwo gusudira no gusudira, nyamara imikorere ya ruswa itandukanye iyo chloride nibidukikije bikabije byinjiye mwishusho.
Iri tondekanya kandi rifite akamaro muburyo busanzwe bwibicuruzwa, harimoicyumaurupapuro, isahani, umuyoboro, na tube. Mubisabwa coil, 304 na 316 byombi birashobora gutangwa kugirango bihimbwe, bibumbwe, kandi bitunganyirizwe hasi, ariko ntibigomba gufatwa nkibishobora guhinduka mugihe aho serivisi itangiriye hloride - ifite ubuhehere, ububiko bwumunyu, cyangwa imiti ikabije.
Urebye mubyubuhanga, niyo mpamvu 304 na 316 ibyuma bitagira umwanda bikunze kugereranywa mumishinga imwe. Bombi barashobora guhaza inzira nyinshi zo guhimba, nyamara ntibasubiza kimwe murwego rumwe rwa serivisi.
Itandukaniro ryibigize hagati ya 304 na 316 Ibyuma bitagira umwanda
304 na 316 Ibyuma bitagira umuyonga Icyuho cyimiti kiroroshye. Bisanzwe 304 yubatswe hafi ya chromium na nikel. Bisanzwe 316 ikoresha base isa, ariko ikongeramo molybdenum kandi mubisanzwe itwara nikel ndende. Ninimpamvu nyamukuru 316 isanzwe itorwa mugihe kurwanya chloride birushijeho kuba ngombwa.
| Ingingo | 304 ibyuma | 316 ibyuma | Gusoma tekinike |
|---|---|---|---|
| Icyiciro rusange | Andika 304 | Andika 316 | Byombi nibisanzwe bya austenitike idafite ibyuma muri serie 300. |
| UNS / EN izina | S30400 / 1.4301 | S31600 / 1.4401 | Byingirakamaro mugihe ingingo ikeneye kureba tekinike kandi ntigabanye umuguzi - yerekanwe. |
| Chromium (Cr) | 18.0–20.0% | 16.0–18.0% | Ibyiciro byombi biterwa na chromium ya pasiporo - gushiraho firime nimyitwarire yibanze idafite umwanda. |
| Nickel (Ni) | 8.0–10.5% | 10.0–14.0% | 316 mubisanzwe bitwara nikel yo hejuru. |
| Molybdenum (Mo) | - | 2.0–3.0% | Nuburyo nyamukuru bwa chimie kuzamura muri 316 nimpamvu yingenzi ikora neza muri chloride - itwara ibidukikije. |
| Carbone (max.) | 0.08% | 0.08% | Amanota asanzwe; hasi - ibyiciro bya karubone L mubisanzwe byatoranijwe aho gusudira hamwe no kugenzura kwangirika kwangirika cyane. |
| Manganese (max.) | 2.00% | 2.00% | Imipaka isa nayo muri chimie isanzwe. |
| Silicon (max.) | 0.75–1.00%* | 0.75–1.00%* | Uruhare ruto; imipaka iratandukanye gato bitewe nurutonde rwakoreshejwe. |
| Fosifore (max.) | 0.045% | 0.045% | Imipaka isa nkiyi. |
| Amazi ya sufuru (max.) | 0.030% | 0.030% | Imipaka isa nkiyi. |
| Azote (max.) | 0.10% | 0.10% | Imipaka isa nayo, nubwo azote - yahinduwe ibaho hanze yo kugereranya shingiro. |
| Ibigize nyamukuru - gutandukanya | Cr - Ni ibyuma bidafite ingese | Cr - Ni - Mo ibyuma bitagira umwanda | Itandukaniro rya 304 na 316 ritandukanya ibyuma ni amolybdenum - itandukanya ruswa, ntabwo ari imashini nini - itandukaniro. |
Gukuramo: Itandukaniro ryibigize hagati ya 304 na 316 Ibyuma bitagira umwanda
Iyi mbonerahamwe isobanura impamvu 304 na 316 itandukaniro ryicyumantabwo bisanzwe bisobanurwa nkimbaraga zo kuzamura mbere. Ni chimie - itwara ruswa.
Kurwanya ruswa niwo murongo nyamukuru wo gutandukana
Mubintu byinshi bifatika, ikibazo ntabwo ari ukumenya niba ibikoresho byombi bidafite umwanda, ahubwo niba ibidukikije birimo chloride ihagije kugirango 304 itizewe mugihe runaka. Chloride niyo ngingo igereranya 304 na 316 igereranya ibyuma biba bikomeye. Gutera umunyu, umwuka wo mu nyanja, kwerekana imyunyu, chlorine - bitwara isuku, hamwe n’imiti imwe n'imwe itunganya imiti irashobora gusunika 304 mu kwangiza, gutobora, cyangwa kwangirika mbere ya 316.
316 ntabwo ikingira ruswa kuko irimo molybdenum. Iracyafite imipaka. Ariko kuri chloride - itanga serivisi, mubisanzwe itanga intera yagutse kuruta 304.
| Imiterere ya serivisi | 304 ibyuma | 316 ibyuma | Gusoma birambuye birambuye |
|---|---|---|---|
| Umwuka wo mu nzu | Mubisanzwe | Birakwiye kandi | Muri serivisi yumye yumye ifite umwanda muke kandi nta chloride - ifite ububiko, ibyiza byo kwangirika kwa 316 ntabwo akenshi ari icyemezo. Kurangiza isura, gusukura, hamwe nubwiza bwibihimbano birashobora kuba bifite akamaro kuruta guhindura amanota ubwayo. |
| Umwuka woroheje wo hanze uri kure yumunyu | Akenshi birakwiriye | Birakwiye kandi | Kuri serivisi yo hanze idafite umunyu mwinshi, amanota yombi arashobora gukora neza, ariko gusiga icyayi, kwanduza hejuru, kuvoma, no kurangiza biracyafite ingaruka kumiterere no mumikorere miremire -. |
| Ikirere cyo ku nkombe / inyanja - yegeranye | Birashoboka cyane kwanduza no gutobora | Mubisanzwe bikunzwe | Mu kirere cyo mu nyanja, 316 ikunze gutoranywa kubera ko inyongera ya molybdenum ituma irwanya chloride - itwara imyobo hamwe na ruswa yangirika . 304 irashobora gukoreshwa mu bihe bimwe na bimwe byoroheje byo ku nkombe, ariko impande nini kandi kubungabunga bikaba ngombwa. |
| Kanda serivisi y'amazi | Akenshi biremewe bitewe nubwiza bwamazi | Muri rusange kwihanganira | ASSDA ivuga ko 316 ikora neza mumazi ya robine hepfo hafi250 ppm ya chloride. Ibyo ntabwo bihita bituma 304 idakwiranye, ariko irerekana impamvu 316 ikunze gutoneshwa mugihe ibirimo bya chloride bizamuka cyangwa ibisabwa byiringirwa bya serivisi bikarushaho gukomera. |
| Serivise itagira aho ibogamiye ku bushyuhe bw’ibidukikije, idafite imyobo | Birashobora gukoreshwa kugeza hafi200 ppm ya chloride | Birashobora gukoreshwa kugeza hafi1000 ppm ya chloride | Amabwiriza ya ASSDA kuri serivisi itabogamye itanga umurongo wo guhitamo:304 / 304L hafi 200 ppm ya chloride, 316 / 316L hafi 1000 ppm ya chloride. Izi ntabwo ari imipaka igenewe isi yose; crevices, kubitsa, ubushyuhe, na pH birashobora kugabanya kwihanganira. |
| Amazi mabi / hasi - kugeza - amazi ya chloride yoroheje | Marginal hafi200-1000 mg / L chlorideukurikije uko ibintu bimeze | Mubisanzwe bikunzwe murwego rumwe | Isi idafite umwanda ivuga ko Ubwoko 304 bushobora kuba gusamu buryo bushimishijein200-1000 mg / L chlorideurwego, mugihe Ubwoko 316 aribwo bwatoranijwe hano. Uru nurugero rwiza rwimpamvu crevices nibintu bihagaze bifite akamaro nkurwego rwizina. |
| Chloride - kwihanganira gukaraba / ibiryo cyangwa gusukura inzira | Birashobora kugarukira bitewe nurwego rwa chloride, igihe cyo guhura, hamwe n - byumye | Mubisanzwe birwanya | Kubisubiramo kenshi, impinduka zingenzi ntabwo ari chimie isukuye gusa ahubwo nubushakashatsi, ubushyuhe, kwoza neza, kandi niba chloride iguma hejuru nyuma yo gukama . 316 mubisanzwe itanga intera nini yo gukora. |
| Acideic chloride itangazamakuru / uburyo bukabije bwa chimie | Akenshi ntibikwiriye cyangwa bigarukira cyane | Biruta 304 mubihe bimwe, ariko biracyari hagati - byihariye | Mubisubizo bya acide cyangwa bitagira aho bibogamiye, gutobora no kwangirika ni byo byingenzi. Outokumpu avuga ko kongera chromium, molybdenum, na azote biteza imbere kurwanya, ariko na 316 bifite imipaka igaragara muri serivisi ya chloride ikomeye -. |
Kubikorwa byibihingwa, gutunganya ibiryo, skide yingirakamaro, ibigo, hamwe ninteko zahimbwe, iki nikigice cyingenzi cyane. Amazina yimiti ntabwo ari ingenzi kurenza uko ubuso buzabona muri serivisi.
Kugereranya Umutungo wa mashini Kugereranya 304 na 316 Ibyuma bitagira umwanda
Uhereye kumashini - imitungo,304na316ni hafi kuruta kugereranya byoroshye.Mubisanzwe byavuzwe hejuru - ibicuruzwa byerekanwe, ibyiciro byombi bisangiye byibuzeimbaraga, gutanga imbaraga, nakurambamuburyo budasanzwe. Niyo mpamvu ibyemezo byamanota mubisabwa byinshi bitayoborwa mbere nicyumba - imbaraga zubushyuhe, ahubwo nibidukikije byangirika, inzira yo guhimba, hamwe nuburyo bwa serivisi. Munsi yimpapuro zincamake zavuzwe na World Stainless / Atlas kuri ASTM A240 / A240M igorofa - ibicuruzwa byizungurutse, byombi304na316Urutonde kuri515 MPa imbaraga nkeya, 205 MPa byibuze 0.2% imbaraga zerekana ibimenyetso, na40% byibura.
Ibyingenzi byo gusoma bya tekiniki ni uko amanota yombi atangirira kumurongo usa cyane, ariko ntabwo bisa muri buri mutungo wa kabiri cyangwa gutekereza kubihimbano.316yemerera gato hejuru cyane gukomera murwego rwavuzwe - amakuru yazunguye, mugihe304na316byombi bikomeza amanota ya austenitis asanzwe ashimangirwa naakazi gakonje kuruta kuvura ubushyuhe. Inkomoko imwe yashizeho kandi yerekana ko ibice biremereye byo gusudira muri316bikunze kugenda316Laho kugabanuka kwa karbide kugabanuka birakenewe, mugihe304Lni kimwe na hamwe aho gusudira no guhuza ingese bigenzura cyane.
| Umutungo / ingingo ya tekiniki | 304 ibyuma | 316 ibyuma | Gusoma tekinike |
|---|---|---|---|
| Imbaraga zingana, min. | 515 MPa | 515 MPa | Nta tandukanyirizo ryumutwe rifite itandukaniro byibuze bisabwa munsi yibisobanuro byatanzwe - amakuru yibicuruzwa. |
| Gutanga imbaraga, 0.2% gihamya, min. | 205 MPa | 205 MPa | Urwego shingiro rwimiterere ni kimwe muburyo bufatika. |
| Kurambura muri mm 50, min. | 40% | 40% | Ibyiciro byombi bigumana guhindagurika cyane kandi bikoreshwa cyane aho bikenewe. |
| Rockwell B gukomera, max. | 92 HRB | 95 HRB | 316 yemerewe gato hejuru cyane gukomera mumpapuro zavuzwe. |
| Gukomera kwa Brinell, max. | 201 HB | 217 HB | Na none, itandukaniro rito, ariko ntabwo mubisanzwe nyamukuru byatoranijwe. |
| Gukomeza uburyo | Ubukonje - akazi gakomezwa mubikorwa | Ubukonje - akazi gakomezwa mubikorwa | Nta cyiciro gisanzwe cyatoranijwe kubera ubushyuhe - imbaraga zo kuvura. |
| Hasi - ihitamo rya karubone | 304Lbisanzwe bikoreshwa aho gusudira no guhuza ingirabuzimafatizo ni ngombwa | 316Lbisanzwe bikoreshwa kubwimpamvu imwe muri serivisi zangirika | Amanota "L" afite akamaro kanini muguhimba gusudira kuruta ikirango cyoroshye 304 vs 316 cyonyine. |
| Babiri - ububiko bwemewe | 304 / 304L ibyemezo bibiri birasanzwe mubisahani, imiyoboro, no kumurongo | 316 / 316L ibyemezo bibiri birasanzwe kandi mubisahani, umuyoboro, no kumurongo | Ibicuruzwa byatanzwe mubyukuri bigomba kugenzurwa hifashishijwe icyemezo cyibizamini, ntabwo byafashwe uhereye kubisobanuro bigufi. |
Gukuramo: 304 vs 316 Icyuma kitagira umuyonga: Ibikoresho bya mashini hamwe no guhitamo Logic
Niyo mpamvu kugereranya ibyuma 304 na 316 kugereranya ibyuma bikunze gukemurwa nibidukikije, ntabwo ari impinduka zikomeye mubyumba - imbaraga zubukanishi.
Igihe cyo Guhitamo 304 Ibyuma
304ni Bisanzwe Byahiswemo aho Serivisi isukuye, yangirika byoroheje, kandi idatwarwa no kubika chloride cyangwa kubika umunyu. Imanza zisanzwe zirimo:
- Imashini zo mu nzu zitwikiriye, ibigo, n'ibice bifashamu mahugurwa yumye, ibyumba byingirakamaro, imirongo yo gupakira, hamwe n’ahantu hakorerwa inganda aho ikirere gihagaze neza kandi ntabwo byanduye umwanda.
- Ibiryo - guhuza cyangwa igikoni - ibice byahimbwenk'intebe, sink, panne yamashanyarazi, urumuri - ibigega byamahoro, hamwe na tubing aho bisabwa isuku isanzwe ariko chimie yisuku ntabwo iba chloride - ishingiye kandi ibikoresho ntibisigara hamwe nibisigazwa byumunyu.
- Ibishushanyo mboneraikoreshwa ahantu hihishe inyuma cyangwa imbere, harimo imitambiko, intoki, igifuniko cyinkingi, hamwe ninteko ziteranijwe mubidukikije -.
- Ibikorwa nibikoresho byingirakamaronk'ibifuniko, amazu, imitwe y'ibikoresho, imbaho zinjira, hamwe n'umucyo - aho usabwa gukenerwa aho icyifuzo rusange ari ukurwanya ruswa aho kurwanya ibitero bya chloride.
- Ibikoresho byo kubika no guhimbank'akabati, ameza y'akazi, chute, hoppers, hamwe n'ibigega bitarimo - aho amazi aba ari rimwe na rimwe, amazi meza ni meza, kandi kubitsa ntibiguma hejuru yigihe kirekire.
- Imyenda yo gusudira muri serivisi yorohejeaho ibidukikije bidafite ishingiro kwimukira muri molybdenum - yerekana amanota, kandi aho 304 cyangwa 304L yamaze guhura nibikorwa bikenewe byo kwangirika no guhimba.
Igihe cyo Guhitamo 316 Ibyuma
316ni Bisanzwe Byahiswemo Mugihe Serivisi itangiza imitwaro ya chloride ikomeje, chimie ikarishye, cyangwa ibyago byinshi byo gutobora no kwangirika. Imanza zisanzwe zirimo:
- Inkombe ninyanja - ibihimbano byegeranyenka gariyamoshi yo hanze, agasanduku k'ibikoresho, amakadiri y'ibikoresho, ingazi, hamwe na platifomu igerwaho n'umunyu - umwuka wuzuye, umuyaga - kubitsa, cyangwa kumenagura - ibidukikije byanduye.
- Gukaraba - ibikoresho byo gutunganya biremereyemu biribwa, ibinyobwa, imiti, cyangwa imiti aho usanga inshuro nyinshi zihura nigisubizo cyogusukura, imiti yica udukoko, hamwe nizuba ryumye - ryumye risiga ibisigazwa byangirika.
- Ibikoresho byo hanze no gutunganya ibyumankibikoresho bifata imiyoboro, clamps, agasanduku gahuza, abarinzi ba valve, hamwe nudusanduku twahimbwe dushyiramo aho imyunyu yerekana imyunyu ngugu, kugwa mu nganda, cyangwa chloride - ifite ububiko buguma hejuru yubutaka hagati yigihe cyo kubungabunga.
- Tanks, tubing, hamwe ninteko zahimbwegukoresha itangazamakuru cyangwa uburyo bwo gutunganya ibintu bisaba kwangirika kurenze 304 birashobora gutanga, cyane cyane aho imyobo, imirongo ya gaze, guhuza lap, cyangwa hasi - ibisobanuro byamazi biri mubishushanyo mbonera.
- Ibimera byimiti ninyanja - ibihimbano bya serivisiaho ibidukikije bidakabije bihagije kugirango bisabe sisitemu yo hejuru cyane, ariko iracyafite ubukana buhagije kuburyo 304 ishobora kwibasirwa nigitero, kwanduza, cyangwa kwibasirwa hakiri kare.
- Birebire - ibikoresho byo hanzeaho kugumana isura, kugabanya inshuro zo kubungabunga, no kurwanya neza chloride - bijyanye no gutobora ni ngombwa kuruta kugabanya ibiciro byambere.
Ibibazo
01.Ni 316 burigihe buruta 304 ibyuma bidafite ingese kugirango bikoreshwe hanze?
02.Ni uruhe rwego rwa chloride rugomba 304 kuzamurwa rukagera kuri 316 ibyuma bitagira umwanda?
03.Ku bihimbano byo gusudira, ngomba kugereranya 304 vs 316 cyangwa 304L vs 316L?
04.Ni ibyuma 316 bitagira umwanda bikwiranye n’amazi yo mu nyanja cyangwa serivisi ya chloride ishyushye?
Impamyabumenyi
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