Mumurongo wibikoresho, sisitemu yitangazamakuru isukuye, hamwe ninteko hamwe no kwihanganira ibipimo,ibyuma bidasobanutse neza- cyane cyane muri 304 / 304L na 316 / 316L - ntibisobanurwa gusa na diameter yo hanze nubugari bwurukuta, ariko nanone bisobanurwa na geometrie, ibintu bisanzwe, urwego rwo hejuru, hamwe nubushakashatsi.
Icyiciro cya Surface (AP / BA / MP / EP), hamwe nubugenzuzi nubugenzuzi, byerekana niba umuyoboro ukwiranye na serivise yinganda, isuku, cyangwa serivise - nuburyo bworoshye bishobora gutsinda imishinga.
Urwego rwibisobanuro byerekana neza ibyuma bitarimo ibyuma
| Igipimo | Ingingo z'ingenzi | Kugaragara bisanzwe mubikorwa byumushinga |
|---|---|---|
| Ibipimo & Tolerances | Hanze ya diameter (OD), uburebure bwurukuta (WT), urwego rwo kwihanganira; imbere imbere ya diameter cyangwa gutembera cross- igice aho bikenewe | Urutonde muri "Ibipimo & Tolerances" cyangwa imbonerahamwe yamakuru; bigira ingaruka itaziguye guhuza, gusudira bikwiye - hejuru, no guhuza ibikoresho nozzles |
| Uburinganire bwa geometrike | Ovality, kugororoka, kwibanda | Wongeyeho nka kwihanganira geometrike; ikoreshwa mugucunga imiyoboro miremire, gushyigikira intera, guhuza orbital guhuza, hamwe numunaniro wumunaniro muto - urukuta ruto - diameter |
| Tube Irangira | Gutanga, kwaduka no gutondekanya, imiterere ya chamfer, gutegura bevel aho bikenewe | Byasobanuwe muri "Kurangiza / Gutegura Impera"; igabanya kuri - gusya no gukora, kunoza imikorere yinteko no gufunga kwizerwa |
| Ibipimo | ASTM A269 / A270 / A213 / A249 / A554, nurwego rwo gusubiramo | Urutonde muri "Ibipimo / Kode ikoreshwa & Ibipimo"; Ikosora imitungo yubukanishi, ibintu byikizamini, nibirimo inyandiko |
| Impamyabumenyi | 304 / 304L, 316 / 316L, 321/347, 2205 hamwe nibindi byuma bidafite ingese | Urutonde muri "Ibikoresho"; byatoranijwe hashingiwe ku giciriritse, ubushyuhe, uburyo bwo gukora isuku, no gushushanya ubuzima. Precision 304 ibyuma bitagira umuyonga hamwe na 316L itomoye neza ibyuma bitagaragara cyane mubisanzwe muri sisitemu isukuye kandi ndende - |
| Inzira yo gukora | Ubusobanuro bwuzuye; gusudira + imbeho ikora | Urutonde muri "Ibikorwa byo Gukora" cyangwa ibisabwa byiyongera; Irasobanura inzira zemewe zemewe ningaruka zazo kubwihanganirana, imiterere yubuso, hamwe no guhinduka |
| Gukurikirana & Ubwiza | Umubare ushyushye, umubare wabakinnyi, icyiciro cyumusaruro, icyiciro cyo kuvura hejuru, inyandiko zubugenzuzi | Byashyizwe mubikorwa binyuze mumirongo, ibirango, EN 10204 3.1 / 3.2 MTCs, na raporo zubugenzuzi; ikora urunigi rukurikirana kugirango rwemerwe hanyuma rugenzurwe nyuma |
Iyo ibipimo bimaze gusobanurwa, urwego rwo hejuru (AP / BA / MP / EP) hamwe nindangagaciro zijyanye no kugenga bigenga itangazamakuru rihuza, isuku, nibisabwa ibyangombwa.
Amasomo yubuso bwibisobanuro bitarimo ibyuma: AP / BA / MP / EP
Mubikorwa byubwubatsi, ibyiciro bine byo gutanga bikoreshwa mubisanzwe bikoreshwa mubyuma bidafite ingese:
- AP- Bishyizwe hamwe & Byatoranijwe
- BA- Kumurika neza
- Depite- Imashini isukuye
- EP- Amashanyarazi
Ibisobanuro no kugura ibicuruzwa mubisanzwe bihuza nkibi:
Icyiciro cy'ubuso + urugero (ID / OD / ID + OD) + intego y'imbere Ra agaciro.
1. AP - Bishyizwe hamwe & Byatoranijwe
AP yibanda ku gukuraho igipimo nubushyuhe bwo gusudira kugirango ubone isuku, isudwa, hamwe na ruswa - irwanya ubuso bwibanze. Imikoreshereze isanzwe:
- Imirongo rusange yinganda
- Imirongo no kugenzura imirongo
- Imitwe yingirakamaro hamwe nubushyuhe - serivisi zo guhana
Kuri 304 na 316 byuzuye ibyuma bitagira umuyonga, ubuso bwa AP bukoreshwa cyane mumazi yinganda, umwuka, umwuka uhumanye, gaze ya inert, hamwe na serivise nyinshi zisanzwe.
Ibiranga Ubuso
- Kurangiza matte cyangwa kutarangiza, nta gipimo kiremereye cyangwa cyerekanwe ubushyuhe.
- Gukomera imbere mu rwego rwo hagati, bikwiranye nibitangazamakuru byinshi byinganda nuburyo busanzwe bwo gukora isuku.
- Aho igitutu kigabanuka cyangwa igisigisigi gikomeye cyane, imbere Ra irashobora kwongerwaho hejuru ya AP kugirango irusheho gusobanura ubuso.
2. BA - Kumurika neza
Ubuso bwa BA buboneka binyuze muburyo bwiza bwo kurinda ikirere kandi bushimangira isuku, yaka, nubunini - yubusa. Imikoreshereze isanzwe:
- Gutunganya imirongo hamwe nibisabwa byibanze byisuku
- Ibikoresho byo guhuza ibikoresho hamwe nibigaragara mubihingwa
- Ubuso bwibanze kuri MP cyangwa EP nyuma mugihe hagomba gukurikiranwa ubukana bukabije
Muburyo bwiza 304 / 304L na 316 / 316L ibyuma bitagira umuyonga, BA isanzwe mubiribwa, kwita kubantu, hamwe no gukoresha amazi.
Ibiranga Ubuso
- Icyuma kimwe cyuzuye cyuzuye hamwe nubunini buke; gusudira ibara ryegereye ibikoresho byababyeyi.
- Hamwe nikirere gihamye hamwe nubushyuhe, imbere ninyuma byerekana okiside nkeya.
- Muburyo bumwe bwo kwihanganira, BA nibyiza mugushikira isura imwe yanyuma no gukomera nyuma ya MP cyangwa EP.
3. Depite - Imashini isizwe
Umudepite agabanya ubukana bwo gusya no gusya mu gihe anagenzura isura igaragara. Imikoreshereze isanzwe:
- Imiyoboro yisuku mubiribwa, ibinyobwa, nibiti bya farumasi
- Sisitemu ifite igenzura risigaye hamwe na CIP / SIP cycle
- Imiyoboro yerekanwe hamwe nibikoresho aho bikenewe birangiye
Kuri 316L itomoye neza ibyuma bitagira umuyonga, MP yimbere yimbere ihujwe nimbibi zikwiye za Ra ni uburyo busanzwe bwisuku kandi - serivisi zamakuru zagaciro.
Ubuso hamwe nuburanga buranga
- Ubuso bushobora gushyirwaho nkibintu byiza - hasi, byogejwe, cyangwa indorerwamo - nka, kuringaniza isuku nigaragara.
- Intego zisanzwe zintera imbere kubituba neza:
Inganda zikora inganda: imbere Ra ≈ 0,6–0.8 µm
Isuku yubukanishi: imbere Ra ≈ 0.4–0,6 µm
Indangagaciro ziratandukanye nuburinganire, imyitozo yinganda, hamwe nubushobozi bwibimera, kandi mubisanzwe byandikwa nka "MP imbere yimbere, Ra Ntibisanzwe cyangwa bingana na X µm" hamwe nuburyo bwo gupima hamwe n’ahantu.
Gukoresha imashini byanze bikunze bikuraho ibintu bimwe. Ku rukuta ruto - kandi rukomeye - imiyoboro yo kwihanganira, OD, WT, na ovality amafaranga agomba gutegurwa hakiri kare kugirango imiyoboro yuzuye irangire igume mubyihanganirwa byagenwe.
4. EP - Amashanyarazi
EP ikoresha amashanyarazi ya elegitoronike ya micro - kugirango ikore neza imbere, yuzuye imbere, itezimbere isuku no kugenzura ibisigazwa. Imikoreshereze isanzwe:
- Hejuru - ubuziranenge na ultra - sisitemu y'amazi meza
- Semiconductor na elegitoronike - imiyoboro ya chimique
- Hejuru - kurangiza imiti ya bioprocess
- Imirongo ifite imipaka ikabije kubice, ibishobora gukururwa, hamwe nisuku yo kwemeza ibisubizo
Muri sisitemu yo hejuru - isuku, 316L EP itomoye neza ibyuma bitagira ibyuma nibisanzwe hamwe: urwego rushyigikira kurwanya ruswa hamwe na chimie yoza, mugihe imbere yimbere ya EP ishyigikira intego zikomeye zogusukura.
Ubuso hamwe nuburanga buranga
- Ubuso bwimbere bugenda bworoha kuri micro - igipimo, hamwe nuduce duto two guhagarara hamwe na micro - ibyobo.
- Intego zisanzwe zo mu mutima:
Hejuru - ubuziranenge / isuku EP: imbere Ra ≈ 0.3–0.4 µm
Isuku ihanitse (urugero: UHP): Imbere Ra kugeza kuri ≈ 0.25 µm cyangwa munsi, bitewe nubushobozi bwibikorwa nibisabwa bisanzwe
Ubusanzwe EP isobanurwa hamwe nogusukura, gukama, gupakira neza, hamwe ninyandiko; ni igice cyuzuye cyuzuye - gahunda yo kugenzura isuku aho kwisiga gusa.
Gushyira mu bikorwa no guhitamo bisanzwe
1. AP - Sisitemu isanzwe yinganda nibikoresho
Itangazamakuru: amazi yinganda, amavuta, imyuka ya inert, imiti isanzwe
Sisitemu: ibikorwa, ibikoresho impulse imirongo, kugenzura imiyoboro
Ibiranga: kwibanda ku kurwanya ruswa no gusudira; nta mbibi zikabije ku bisigara by'imbere.
Umuyoboro wa Octal utanga AP imbere ya 304 na 316 itomoye neza ibyuma bitagira umuyonga kubintu byinshi byingirakamaro hamwe nibikoresho, bikomatanya gutoragura / gutambuka bisanzwe hamwe no kugenzura ibipimo kugirango bikore ibikorwa byinshi byinganda.
2. BA - Inzira isukuye no kugaragara - Imirongo yunvikana
Itangazamakuru: gutunganya amazi, ibiryo / itangazamakuru ryita kubantu, inert cyangwa imyuka ikingira
Sisitemu: ibikoresho hookups, gusiba skid, umuyoboro ugaragara uzenguruka imashini na modul
Ibiranga.
Mu itangwa rya Octal, imiyoboro ya BA 304L na 316L ikunze gutoranywa kugirango imiyoboro isukuye neza hamwe nimirongo ihuza ibikoresho aho isuku yubuso, isura, hamwe nigihe cyo guhindura ibintu byose bifite akamaro.
3. MP - Isuku kandi yoroshye - kugeza - Sisitemu zisukuye
Itangazamakuru: ibiribwa n'ibinyobwa, imiti yimiti yimiti, hejuru - agaciro imiti myiza
Sisitemu: imiyoboro yisuku, CIP / SIP izunguruka, imirongo yumusaruro hamwe ninzira zogusukura kenshi
Ibiranga.
Kubisuku 316L byuzuye ibyuma bitagira ibyuma, Umuyoboro wa Octal ukunze guhuza abadepite imbere yimbere hamwe nubuziranenge bwisuku nka ASTM A270 kandi utanga ibisubizo byikizamini cya Ra hamwe nubuvuzi bwo hejuru kugirango bunganire abakiriya mumishinga yimiti nibiribwa.
4. EP - Hejuru - Isuku hamwe na - Sisitemu yisuku
Itangazamakuru: hejuru - ubuziranenge na ultra - amazi meza, ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki - imiti yo mu rwego, ibinyabuzima, hejuru - imyuka yera
Sisitemu.
Ibiranga: imipaka ntarengwa ku bice, ibishobora gukururwa, na bioburden; akenshi "MP + EP" ikomatanya hamwe na Ra yuzuye kandi ifite isuku.
Mu mishinga yo hejuru - isuku na UHP, Umuyoboro wa Octal usanzwe utanga imiyoboro ya EP itomoye muri 316L hamwe numuyoboro wogukora annealing, imashini yambere - polish, hamwe na electropolising, ushyigikiwe nicyiciro - urwego Ra raporo hamwe nisuku kugirango wuzuze ibyifuzo bya semiconductor na bioprocess.
Gukurikirana no Kugenzura Ubuziranenge - Kuva Mubikoresho Byibanze Kugeza Ibirayi Byarangiye
| Icyiciro | Ingingo z'ingenzi zo kugenzura | Ibizamini bisanzwe / Inyandiko | Uruhare mu mushinga |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ibikoresho bito (bilet / hollows / coil / bar) | Kwemeza amanota (304 / 304L, 316 / 316L, nibindi); ibigize imiti; isuku no kugenzura | Umubare w'ubushyuhe; EN 10204 3.1 / 3.2 MTC; raporo yo gusesengura imiti | Iremeza neza ko 304 na 316 byuzuye ibyuma bitagira umuyonga byujuje ibyangombwa fatizo nibisabwa na ruswa kandi bitanga intangiriro yo gukurikiranwa |
| Gukora & Welding / Gutobora & Gukora Bishyushye | Uburyo bwo gusudira (kubituba byasuditswe); gutobora kandi bishyushye - ibipimo byakazi (kubusa); gukomeza | Inyandiko zikorwa; kumurongo cyangwa icyiciro NDT (eddy iriho, flux flux, nibindi) | Igenzura ubudahwema hagati yicyuma gisudira nicyuma cyababyeyi, bigabanya ibyago byo kurukuta nudusembwa |
| Gukora Ubukonje & Kuvura Ubushyuhe | Ubukonje - gushushanya / ubukonje - kuzenguruka; igisubizo annealing ubushyuhe / igihe; kugorora | Ibisubizo by'igenzura; ibizamini bikomeye; microstructure / intergranular corrosion ibizamini aho bikenewe | Kuringaniza imbaraga, guhindagurika, hamwe nihungabana risigaye kuburyo imiyoboro yuzuye yujuje ibyangombwa byubukanishi no kwihanganira icyarimwe |
| Kuvura Ubuso (AP / BA / MP / EP) | Gutora / gutambuka; ikirere kirinda umutekano annealing; ibipimo byo gusya; ibipimo by'amashanyarazi | Inyandiko yo kuvura ibice; Raporo y'ibizamini Ra (kuri MP / EP); inyandiko zerekana ubugenzuzi | Kugumana isura yimbere ninyuma yibisobanuro 304 na 316 ibyuma bitagira umuyonga mubyiciro byihariye hamwe nuburinganire, bishyigikira guhuza itangazamakuru hamwe nimyitwarire yisuku |
| Ibipimo, Geometrie & NDT | OD / WT / uburebure; ovality / kugororoka; kwibanda; ibizamini byingutu aho bikenewe | Raporo yo kugenzura ibipimo; geometrike yo gutandukana; raporo y'ibizamini bya hydrostatike / pneumatike; eddy - raporo zigezweho / flux yamenetse | Yemeza ko ibyuma bidasobanutse neza byujuje uburinganire bwa geometrike, umuvuduko, nimbogamizi, bikagira ishingiro ryo gukwira - hejuru no gukora neza |
| Gupakira & Kumenyekanisha | Tube wino - jet / ikimenyetso cya kashe; kurwanya - umukungugu, kurwanya - ubushuhe, kurwanya - kurinda | Ikimenyetso cy'ubunini, urwego, rusanzwe, ubushyuhe / icyiciro; gupakira | Komeza umwirondoro usobanutse binyuze mububiko no gutwara kugirango imbuga zishobore kugenera imiyoboro yubunini, urwego, hamwe nicyiciro utabuze gukurikirana |
| Inyandiko & Igitabo (MDR / QA Dossier) | Guhuza dosiye no guhuza umushinga; ikarita yerekana ikarita | MTC; raporo yo kugenzura ibipimo na geometriki; kuvura hejuru hamwe na Ra inyandiko; Raporo yikizamini cya NDT nigitutu; gupakira no gushira akamenyetso | Shiraho ububiko bwuzuye bwuzuye kuva mubikoresho fatizo kugeza kurangiza neza, gushyigikira EPC, nyirayo, hamwe nagatatu - kwemerwa nishyaka hanyuma bigenzurwa nyuma. Umuyoboro wa Octal mubisanzwe utanga ibi nkigitabo cyububiko bwamakuru yimishinga yubuhanga |
Uburyo busanzwe bwo kwerekana ubuso busabwa
Mubisobanuro no kugura inyandiko, igice cyo hejuru kubisobanuro / hejuru - ibyuma bitagira umuyonga ibyuma bisanzwe bikomatanya:
- Urwego rwo hejuru- AP, BA, MP, cyangwa EP
- Umwanya- imbere (ID), hanze (OD), cyangwa ID + OD
- Gukomera imbere- Imipaka ntarengwa hamwe (µm / µin), harimo inshuro ziteganijwe cyangwa ibisabwa byo gutanga raporo
- Ibisobanuro bigaragara- nka kogejwe, indorerwamo isize, cyangwa matte kugirango utandukanye ubwoko bwimiterere
- Inyandiko n'ubugenzuzi- inyandiko zivura hejuru, raporo yikizamini cya Ra, isuku / passivation inyandiko, nibisabwa mubipakira no gushiraho ikimenyetso
Iyo ibi bihujwe hamwe na ASTM ikwiye (urugero: A269, A270) hamwe no gutoranya amanota (nka 304L cyangwa 316L), imiyoboro yicyuma idasobanutse neza irashobora gutomorwa muburyo bukorwa, bugenzurwa, kandi bukurikiranwa. Umuyoboro wa Octal ugena umusaruro nubugenzuzi bufite ireme kugirango ukurikize iyi logique, kugirango neza neza 304 na 316 ibyuma bitagira ibyuma bidahuza gusa na serivise, ariko kandi biroroshye kubyakira no gucunga mubuzima bwumushinga.
Ibibazo
Q1: Niki gitera guhitamo hagati ya AP, BA, MP, na EP kubitereko byicyuma bitagira umwanda?
A1: Abashoferi nyamukuru nibintu biranga, uburyo bwo gukora isuku, urwego rwisuku, hamwe na bije. Sisitemu isanzwe yinganda nibikoresho bisanzwe ikoresha AP; imirongo ifite isura nibisabwa byibanze byisuku akenshi ikoresha BA; sisitemu yisuku kandi isukurwa kenshi ikunda MP; murwego rwo hejuru - ubuziranenge hamwe na sisitemu ya UHP bisaba EP hamwe nibisobanuro byimbere Ra hamwe ninyandiko . 304 L na 316L amanota akunze kugaragara mubyiciro bibiri byanyuma.
Q2: Abadepite na EP bombi bagabanya ubukana. Ni irihe tandukaniro nyamukuru mu myitozo?
A2:Depite akoresha gusya no gusya, yibanda kuri macroscopic roughness no kugaragara. EP ni amashanyarazi kandi ikora kuri micro - igipimo, kunoza isuku, kugenzura ibisigazwa, hamwe n’imiti ihamye. Sisitemu yo hejuru - sisitemu yo kurangiza ikunze kubahuza: MP kugirango ikureho macro -, hanyuma EP kugirango itunganyirize imbere imbere, cyane cyane kuri 316L itomoye neza murwego rwo hejuru - ubuziranenge hamwe na bioprocess.
Q3: Ubuvuzi bwo hejuru bugira ingaruka ku kwihanganira ibipimo no kuri geometrike?
A3: Yego. Byombi gukanika imashini hamwe na electropolishing ikuraho ibikoresho. Ku rukuta ruto - cyangwa rukomeye - kwihanganira imiyoboro, indamunite zigomba gushyirwaho mugihe cyagenwe kandi zikagenzurwa mu musaruro kugirango ibyuma byuzuye bitarangiritse bikomeza kuba mu mbibi za OD, WT, na geometrie.
Q4: Birahagije kuvuga "amashanyarazi imbere" mubisobanuro?
A4: Mubisanzwe ntabwo. Nibyiza gusobanura icyiciro cya EP, urugero (ID cyangwa ID + OD), intego ya Ra imbere, uburyo bwo gupima, hamwe nibisabwa (kuvura, ibisubizo bya Ra, gukora isuku). Ibi bikomeza gukora, kugenzura, no kwemerwa bihujwe na reta yatanzwe.
Q5: Ni ukubera iki gukurikiranwa ari ingenzi cyane kubwimishinga 304/316 idafite ibyuma?
A5: Gukurikirana (umubare wubushyuhe, ibyiciro byibyakozwe, ibyiciro byo kuvura hejuru, inyandiko zubugenzuzi) bituma habaho isano ryihuse hagati yibibazo bya serivisi - nibibazo bya serivisi cyangwa ibintu byihariye, kandi bigashyigikira ubugenzuzi nyuma no gusuzuma ibishushanyo mbonera. Mu mishinga yubwubatsi, Umuyoboro wa Octal mubisanzwe uhuza aya makuru na 304 / 304L na 316 / 316L MTCs, Ra raporo, hamwe na NDT / igitutu cyikizamini cyanditse mubitabo bimwe, bigakora inzira yuzuye yuzuye kuva mubikoresho fatizo kugeza kumurongo wuzuye.
Impamyabumenyi
Icyemezo cya CE
Icyemezo cya ISO 9001
Icyemezo cya API Q1
Icyemezo cya ABS
Icyemezo cya AP-5L
Icyemezo cya API-5CT
