Gutinda kwa komisiyo nyinshi ntabwo biva kumurongo ugororotse. Ziva mumwanya - bigoye bikwiye - hejuru, gusana inshuro nyinshi gusana, bolt - kudahuza umwobo, hydrotest yamenetse, hamwe ninyandiko zemewe zidatonda umurongo. Guhuza imiyoboro yizewe hamwe nigisubizo cya kashe biterwa nibintu bibiri shingiro: kugenzurwa hamwe na geometrie hamwe nu mutwaro usubirwamo.
Uburyo bwo guhuza hamwe nubugenzuzi bufite akamaro
1. Guhuza gusudira - niki gitera gushikama?
Igice gihamye cyo gusudira kiva muburyo bwo kwitegura kurangiza, bikwiranye - hejuru, gusudira, no kugenzura. Mu murima, itandukaniro rya geometrie nubushyuhe - itandukaniro ryinjiza nibyo byongerwaho.
- Kurangiza imyiteguro ihamye
Niba impande ya bevel, ubutaka, cyangwa iherezo - ubuziranenge bwisura buratandukanye, imizi yo gufungura imizi kandi idirishya ryo gusudira rifunganye. Ikimenyetso rusange ni ibipimo bitambutse kunyura kumurongo umwe.
- Bikwiranye - hejuru no kugenzura guhuza
Gufungura imizi, kudahuza imbere, hamwe na ovality / kwibandaho bigira ingaruka kumuzi hamwe nibisubizo bya NDE. Gitoya - urukuta, OD nto, hamwe ninteko ngufi - inteko zirakomeye.
- Shyushya - idirishya ryinjiza rihuye nibikoresho nubunini
Hasi cyane byiyongera kubura fusion / penetration risque; hejuru cyane byongera kugoreka kandi birashobora guhindura flange - imiterere yimiterere.
- Kugenzura no gusana ibiboneka
Niba ingingo zuzuye hafi yinkunga, urukuta, indangagaciro, cyangwa ibikoresho, NDE no gusana akenshi biba umushoferi nyawo wibyago.
Iyo guhuza gusudira bihujwe na flange, kugoreka gusudira birashobora guhindura ikibazo kivuye mubisumizi - ikibazo cyiza kikaba ikibazo cyo gufunga - kumeneka kwaho biterwa no kwikuramo gaze.
2. Socket / kuzuza gusudira - impamvu amategeko yo guterana afite akamaro kuruta kugaragara
Sock - imiterere ihuza akenshi isa neza neza, ariko ituze rishingiye cyane kumyitozo isubirwamo.
- Kwinjiza ubujyakuzimu no gutandukanya ibitugu
- Gusubiramo byuzuye weld geometrie, cyane cyane ahantu hagaragara
- Kumva neza umunaniro munsi ya siporo yo gusiganwa ku magare no kunyeganyega
- Crevice - isuku yakarere hamwe nimyitwarire ya ruswa ihuye nibidukikije bya serivisi
3. Guhuza insanganyamatsiko - kwizerwa ni disipuline yo guterana
Ihuriro rifunitse rihamye gusa nkurwego rusanzwe rwiteraniro inyuma.
- Gukosora ifishi yumutwe no gusezerana bihagije
- Kugenzura ibyangiritse hejuru yumurongo
- Ubwoko bwa kashe hamwe nuburyo bwo gusaba
- Gusobanura gukomera no re - kugenzura imyitozo
- Kuraho anti - kurekura logique munsi yo kunyeganyega no gusiganwa ku magare
Niki Igenzura imikorere ya Flange?
Guhuza flange bisobanura ubuziranenge bwinteko mubisubizo bya kashe. Gufunga bihamye bisaba ibintu bitatu kugenzurwa hamwe: imiterere ya flange isura, idirishya ryakazi rya gasketi, hamwe na bolt preload isubirwamo.
1. Imiterere ya flange
- Flatness / waviness itera compression imwe
- Kurangiza hejuru bigira ingaruka kumitsi no gukira
- Nick, dent, na ruswa bihinduka inzira ziva
- Kugoreka gusudira birashobora gukora hejuru / munsi - kwikuramo
Ikimenyetso gisanzwe cyumurima ni ukuvunika kwibanda kuruhande rumwe cyangwa hafi ya bolts nkeya, ntanubwo byinjira mubizengurutse byuzuye.
2. Idirishya ryakazi
- Munsi ya - kwikuramo bitera gusohoka kare
- Kurenga - kwikuramo bisenya gasike kandi bigabanya gukira, akenshi bikarushaho kwiyongera nyuma yubushyuhe bwumuriro
- Ubushyuhe nibitangazamakuru byihutisha kunyerera / kuruhuka, kugabanya imbaraga za gasketi mugihe runaka
Kuzamura igipapuro cyonyine gifite agaciro gake niba isura yimiterere cyangwa preload ihoraho niyo mbogamizi nyayo.
3. Bolt preload ihoraho
- Uburyo butandukanye bwo gukomera butera impungenge zingana
- Kurenga - gukomera birashobora gukubita mumaso no kugabanya kashe ihamye
- Gusiga amavuta no gutandukana bituma torque - kugeza - preload idahuye
- Ubushyuhe bwumuriro hamwe no kunyeganyega bigabanya preload, akenshi biganisha hakiri kare - ubuzima
Imbonerahamwe imwe: Kugenzura Ibibanza Byakoreshejwe Uburyo bwo Guhuza
| Uburyo bwo guhuza | Ingingo zo kugenzura inteko | Ikimenyetso cyo kunanirwa bisanzwe | Kwakira / inyandiko mubisanzwe birasuzumwa |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gusudira | Bevel / iherezo - ubuziranenge bw'isura; gufungura imizi; imbere bidahuye / guhuza; kugenzura kugoreka; Kubona NDE | Kunanirwa kwa NDE no gusana; hafi ya hydrotest yamenetse iterwa no kwikuramo isura idahwanye | Kugaragara & Kugenzura; NDT nkuko bisabwa; ikizamini / kumeneka aho bishoboka; gusudira / NDE inyandiko zishobora gukurikiranwa |
| Sock / kuzuza | Kwinjiza ubujyakuzimu no gutandukanya ibitugu; gusubiramo geometrie; gusudira & kugenzura | Isura yemewe ariko ibyago byinshi byo kumeneka / umunaniro; Ibibazo bya crevice | Amategeko yo guterana & kugenzura; inyandiko zigenzura kandi zisabwa; ibizamini hamwe ninyandiko kuri buri mushinga |
| Urudodo | Ifishi yumutwe & gusezerana; kugenzura ibyangiritse; guhuza kashe; gukomera & re - kugenzura amategeko | Kumeneka hakiri kare cyangwa kurekura igihe, cyane cyane nyuma yo gukora | Urudodo & kashe ihamye; inyandiko ziteranirizo aho bikenewe; kugenzura / kugerageza kuri buri mushinga |
Ifatika Kuri - Itondekanya ryurubuga Urutonde rwa Flange
Intambwe ya 1: Banza urebe isura ya flange
- Ibyangiritse bigaragara: nike, gushushanya, amenyo, ibibanza byangirika
- Ibimenyetso byo guhuza kutaringaniye cyangwa kugoreka, cyane cyane nyuma yo gusudira
- Kureka ibibanza byerekana aho bihurira nibibazo byaho
Intambwe ya 2: Kugenzura imyuka ikwiye hamwe nimyitwarire yo kwikuramo
- Bikwiranye nibitangazamakuru / ubushyuhe / ubutegetsi
- Igicapo kitaringaniye, guhonyora ahantu, cyangwa guhindura ibintu bidasanzwe
- "Komeza byinshi ariko biracyatemba" uburyo bwerekana kwikuramo kutaringaniye cyangwa preload idahindagurika
Intambwe ya 3: Emeza ko preload isubirwamo
- Gukomeza gukomera hamwe no gukomera
- Amavuta ahoraho hamwe no guterana amagambo
- Kumenya ingaruka zo gutakaza preload munsi yumukino wo gusiganwa ku maguru no kunyeganyega
Aho imirimo isanzwe itangirira
- Kurangiza kwitegura ntabwo bihujwe nuburyo bwo gusudira → geometrie drift → gusana kwiyongera
- Bikwiranye - hejuru / guhuza ntabwo bigenzurwa → kudahuza imbere no mu mizi idahindagurika → NDE kunanirwa
- Kwihanganira ibishishwa - hejuru → bolt - guhuza imyobo → guhangayikishwa no kwishyiriraho ingufu
- Kugoreka gusudira bigira ingaruka kumaso ya flange stress guhangayikishwa na gasike → hydrotest yamenetse
- Imyitozo yo kwizirika iratandukanye nabakozi → kubanziriza gutatanya → kare - ubuzima
Urunigi rusanzwe rusubirwamo guhatirwa gukora umwobo umurongo → kwikuramo gasi itaringaniye → kumeneka mugihe cyibizamini → kurushaho gukomera → guhura no kugoreka → gutemba.
Ibyo kwakirwa mubisanzwe byibandaho
Kubijyanye no guhuza imiyoboro no kwemerwa kashe, abasubiramo mubisanzwe bashakisha ibintu bikurikiranwa, bipimwa, kandi bigenzurwa:
- Gukurikirana: ubushyuhe / icyiciro kiranga ibyemezo
- Imigaragarire - geometrie ikomeye: imiterere yanyuma, guhuza, flange - imiterere yisura, bolt - guhuza umwobo
- Igenzura risabwa hamwe nibizamini byumushinga
- Ipaki yinyandiko yashizwe kumurongo kurutonde rwimbere
Muri Octal Pipe umushinga utanga, ibice hamwe ninyandiko akenshi zitegurwa kurutonde rumwe rwimbere kugirango logique ihuza, uburyo bwo gufunga, hamwe ninyandiko zemewe ziguma zihujwe kandi byoroshye kugenzura.
Ibibazo
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