Aho Utu tubari dukora neza (kandi ni ukubera iki Kutagira Umuyoboro)
Amashanyarazi, HRSGs, ubushyuhe bwa peteroli, hamwe nubushyuhe bwo guhinduranya ubushyuhe byose bishingiye kuri ASTM A213 / SA213. Iyo chloride - ifite kondensate, inshuro nyinshi zumye - zumye, cyangwa isuku ikabije iri kumeza,amanota ya austenitike (TP series)ukunda kurenza chrome - moly ferritic amanota bitewe na ruswa yo hejuru muri ruswa hamwe no kurwanya pitingi, kurangiza neza imbere, no gukora isuku byoroshye. Hejuru - ubushyuhe, serivisi yumye hamwe na marike ikabije iracyakomezaT - amanotamukina - cyane cyane kuri superheater na banki zishyushya.
Imikoreshereze isanzwe ikoreshwa:
Umuyonga (TP304 / 304H, TP316L / 316H, TP321 / 321H, TP347 / 347H): guhanahana ubushyuhe, imigozi ya kondenseri, kugaburira - gushyushya amazi, kwangirika cyangwa kuzenguruka - serivisi itose.
Alloy ferritic (T9, T11, T22, T91): ibice bishyushye bya superheater / reheater ibice hamwe numutwe aho uburebure - bwimbaraga ziganje.
Guhitamo Stainless na Chrome - Moly: Inzira Ifatika
Inzira yoroshye yo gushiraho icyemezo ni ikaritagiciriritse + ubushyuhe + intego y'ubuzimaku muryango wo mu cyiciro.
Imbonerahamwe 1 - Ibimenyetso byihuse byo guhitamo
|
Umurongo wa serivisi |
Umuryango wa TP udafite umwanda (bisanzwe) |
Umuryango wa Ferritic T (bisanzwe) |
|
Chloride / itose - inziga zumye / isuku |
TP316L / 316H; TP304 / 304H niba chloride nkeya |
Ntabwo bikunzwe |
|
Igenzura rya sensibilisation kuri temp yo hejuru |
TP321 / 321H (Ti - ihagaze neza); TP347 / 347H |
- |
|
Ikirere kinini cyane (cyumye, gaze ishyushye cyane) |
TP347H / 321H mubibazo byatoranijwe |
T91> T22> T11 ≈ T9 |
|
Ibyago bike byo gushira muri serivisi yinyanja |
TP316L (Mo - kubyara) |
- |
|
Igiciro - gukora neza muri serivisi ishyushye |
TP304 / 304H |
T11 / T22 (iyo ruswa yoroshye) |
Umushinga udasanzwe uratsinda; imbonerahamwe ni shortcut yo kwerekana hakiri kare.
Impamyabumenyi Yumwanya Urebye (TP Series)
Imbonerahamwe 2 - Amahitamo asanzwe adafite umwanda munsi ya A213
|
Icyiciro |
Ibyingenzi bya chimie |
Nibyiza |
Porogaramu isanzwe |
|
TP304 / 304H |
~ 18Cr - 8Ni (H=urwego rwo hejuru rwa karubone) |
Ikoreshwa ryagutse; ahantu hasukuye; guhimba neza |
Umuyoboro / ubushyuhe - uhinduranya bundles, ubushyuhe |
|
TP316L / 316H |
Ongeraho ~ 2–3% Mo; L=hasi C; H=hejuru - temp |
Ibyiza byo gutobora / guhangana na vs 304 / 304H |
Amazi yo mu nyanja - akonje akonje, itangazamakuru rya chloride |
|
TP321 / 321H |
Ti - ihagaze neza |
Kugenzura ubukangurambaga ku bushyuhe bwo hejuru |
Ibishishwa bya superheater, hejuru - guhanahana temp |
|
TP347 / 347H |
Nb - ihagaze neza |
Bisa na 321; Idirishya rikomeye |
Amashyiga / amashyiga hamwe na cycle yumuriroH - amanota amanota yazamuye - imbaraga zubushyuhe; L - amanota agamije gusudira no kurwanya ubukangurambaga muri serivisi y'amazi. |
Ferritic Alloy "T" Impamyabumenyi
Imbonerahamwe 3 - Aho T9, T11, T22, T91 mubisanzwe bikwiranye
|
Icyiciro |
Igitekerezo (nominal) |
Imbaraga zo kureba (zishyushye) |
Uruhare rusanzwe |
|
T11 |
~ 1.25Cr-0.5Mo |
Ibyingenzi |
Gereranya - temp boiler / ubushyuhe - guhinduranya |
|
T22 |
~ 2.25Cr-1Mo |
↑ vs T11 |
Amabanki ashyushye; igiciro - gukora neza |
|
T9 |
~ 9Cr-1Mo (ferritic) |
Itsinda risa na T22 |
Hitamo serivisi zishyushye hamwe ninzibacyuho |
|
T91 |
9Cr - 1Mo - V-Nb (temps martensite) |
Isumbabyose mu matsinda |
Ibice bishyushye cyane / ibice bisubiramo |
Chimie Snapshots (Ibipimo byerekana)
Imbonerahamwe 4 - Austenitike idafite umwanda (Urukurikirane rwa TP, wt.%)
|
Icyiciro |
C (L/H) |
Cr |
Ni |
Mo. |
Stabilizer |
|
TP304 / 304H |
Ntabwo ari munsi cyangwa bingana na 0.035 / 0.04–0.10 |
~18–20 |
~8–11 |
- |
- |
|
TP316L / 316H |
Ntabwo ari munsi cyangwa bingana na 0.035 / 0.04–0.10 |
~16–18 |
~10–14 |
~2.0–3.0 |
- |
|
TP321 / 321H |
Ntabwo ari munsi cyangwa bingana na 0.035 / 0.04–0.10 |
~17–19 |
~9–13 |
- |
Ti |
|
TP347 / 347H |
Ntabwo ari munsi cyangwa bingana na 0.035 / 0.04–0.10 |
~17–19 |
~9–13 |
- |
Nb / Ta |
Imbonerahamwe 5 - Amavuta ya ferritike (T ikurikirana, wt.%)
|
Icyiciro |
C (ubwoko.) |
Cr (ubwoko.) |
Mo (ubwoko.) |
V / Nb / N (iyo bibaye ngombwa) |
|
T11 |
Ntibiri munsi cyangwa bingana na 0.12 |
~1.0–1.5 |
~0.44–0.65 |
- |
|
T22 |
Ntibiri munsi cyangwa bingana na 0.15 |
~1.9–2.6 |
~0.87–1.13 |
- |
|
T9 |
Ntibiri munsi cyangwa bingana na 0.15 |
~8–10 |
~0.9–1.1 |
- |
|
T91 |
0.08–0.12 |
~8–9.5 |
~0.85–1.05 |
V, Nb, N ibyongeweho bito |
Menyesha ASTM A213 / SA213 iheruka kugenga imipaka no kwihanganira ibicuruzwa.
Imashini & Hejuru - Ibipimo by'ubushyuhe (Minimum on Temp Temp)
Imbonerahamwe 6 - Ntarengwa ntarengwa (reba kode iriho / isanzwe)
|
Umuryango / Impamyabumenyi |
Min |
Tanga min |
Kurambura min |
|
Austenitike (urugero, TP304 / 316L) |
15 515 MPa (75 ksi) |
≈ 205 MPa (30 ksi) |
≈ 35% |
|
TP321 / 347 (H amanota) |
15 515 MPa |
5 205 MPa |
≈ 30–35% |
|
T11/T22 |
15 415 MPa |
5 205 MPa |
≈ 20% |
|
T91 |
5 585 MPa |
15 415 MPa |
≈ 20% |
Inyandiko zo Gukora - Nta shiti gusa (A213 Scope)
- Inzira:ashyushye - yarangije noneho ubukonje - yarangije ubunini; umwanda akenshi igisubizo - gishyizwe hamwe kandibyatoranijwe / byuzuyeindangamuntu isukuye.
- Kuvura ubushyuhe:austenitis idafite umwanda - igisubizo anneal + ubukonje bwihuse; T91-bisanzwe & ubushyuhe (kuri buri kintu); T11 / T22-isanzwe cyangwa imiti ivura nkuko byavuzwe.
- Ubuso & isuku:Umuyoboro udafite umwanda usanzwe utangwa hamwe na - ID idahwitse kugirango ihindurwe neza kandi isukure - muri gahunda -.
- Geometrie:gukomera OD / kwihanganira uburebure no kugororoka bifasha guteranya guteranya hamwe na tube - kugeza - gusudira.
- U - yunamye:mubisanzwe bitangwa kubushyuhe butagira umwanda - guhinduranya ibintu hamwe na radiyo igenzurwa no kugabanya imihangayiko mugihe bikenewe.
Kwipimisha & Kugenzura Ugomba Kugaragaza
Imbonerahamwe 7 - Ibisabwa muri A213 (umushinga - biterwa)
|
Ingingo |
Urukurikirane rwa TP |
T - urukurikirane (T11 / T22 / T91) |
|
Hydrostatike cyangwa NDE ikizamini cyamashanyarazi |
Ni itegeko (umwe cyangwa undi) |
Ni itegeko (umwe cyangwa undi) |
|
Eddy iriho / ultrasonic (NDE) |
Akenshi byerekanwe 100% |
Akenshi byerekanwe 100% |
|
Ibizamini bya Flattening / flare / flange |
Nkuko byasobanuwe na A213 |
Nkuko byasobanuwe na A213 |
|
Ingano y'ibinyampeke (austenitis) |
Birasabwa aho bishoboka |
- |
|
Ikizamini cyo kwangirika hagati (IGC) |
Ukurikije gahunda (urugero, uburyo bwa ASTM A262) |
- |
|
Kugenzura ubukana |
Mubisanzwe amakuru |
Nibyingenzi kuri T91 kuri buri nzira |
|
PMI & Inyandiko |
PMI kuri bundles; MTC yuzuye |
PMI kuri bundles; MTC yuzuye |
Ibipimo Byaboneka (Octal Pipe Reference)
Imbonerahamwe 8 - Ibahasha isanzwe itanga (umushinga - yihariye)
|
Parameter |
Urukurikirane rwa TP |
T - urukurikirane (T11 / T22 / T91) |
|
Hanze ya diameter |
~ 12.7–114.3 mm (½ muri - 4½ muri) |
Urwego rusa |
|
Ubunini bw'urukuta |
~ 1,24–12.7 mm (kuri gahunda / gushushanya) |
~ 2-16 mm (inkuta ziremereye zirahari.) |
|
Uburebure |
Kugera kuri m 12 bisanzwe; gukata - kugeza - uburebure |
Kugera kuri m 12 bisanzwe |
|
Kurangiza |
Byatoranijwe / byuzuye, bisizwe kuri req |
Kurangiza / kurangizwa kurangiza |
|
Tube irangira |
Impera zo mu kibaya; umuyoboro - kugeza - igituba gitegura |
Impera zo mu kibaya; beveled niba req |
Gutegeka Urutonde (Ibyo Gushyira muri Datasheet)
- Urwego n'imiterere: TP304 / 316L / 321/347 (L / H nkuko bikenewe) cyangwa T11 / T22 / T91 hamwe no kuvura ubushyuhe bukenewe.
- Ibipimo: OD, urukuta, gukata uburebure; U - kugoreka radii no kwihanganira ukuguru niba bishoboka.
- Kuvura ubushyuhe & hejuru: igisubizo anneal + gutoranya / passivation (idafite umwanda); bisanzwe / kurakara (nkuko bikenewe).
- Gahunda ya NDE: ikizamini cya hydrostatike cyangwa amashanyarazi; 100% eddy iriho / UT nibisabwa; ibipimo byo kwemerwa.
- Kurwanya ruswa: IGC ikizamini kumanota ahamye niba byateganijwe; imipaka ya chloride; gusukura protocole.
- Inyandiko: MTC kuri EN 10204 (urugero, 3.1), gukurikirana, gupakira, gushiraho ikimenyetso.
- Icya gatatu - ishyaka: guhamya / kugenzurakuboneka kubisabwa(BV, SGS, nibindi).
Ibibazo
Q1: Nigute nahitamo hagati y amanota ya TP idafite ingese na chrome - moly T amanota ya ASTM A213 / SA213?
A1:Koresha amanota ya TP kuri serivisi itose / yanduye cyangwa chloride hamwe nisuku ikenewe; koresha amanota ya T iyo yumye hejuru - ubushyuhe bwimbaraga nubushoferi nyamukuru.
Q2: Ni irihe tandukaniro rifatika riri hagati ya SA213 T11, T22, na T91?
A2:T11 ni ishingiro ryubushyuhe buringaniye, T22 yongeramo marike kubice bishyushye, naho T91 ikoreshwa murwego rwo hejuru - ubushyuhe bwikirenga / inshingano zishyushya.
Q3: Ni ubuhe bugenzuzi ninyandiko nshobora gusaba ASTM A213 / SA213?
A3:Baza hydrotest cyangwa NDE ikizamini cyamashanyarazi, 100% eddy / UT niba bikenewe, PMI, hamwe na EN 10204 3.1 MTC yuzuye hamwe nubushyuhe -.
Impamyabumenyi
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